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Mitra (Vedic)
Mitra (Sanskrit ') is a divinity of Indic culture, whose function changed with time. In the Mitanni inscription, Mitra is invoked as one of the protectors of treaties. In the Rigveda, Mitra appears primarily in the ''dvandva'' compound ''Mitra-Varuna'', which has essentially the same attributes as Varuna alone,〔 e.g. as the principal guardian of "Truth, Order", breaches of which are punished. In the late Vedic texts and the ''Brahmana''s, Mitra is increasingly associated with the light of dawn and the morning sun (while Varuna becomes associated with the evening, and ultimately the night). In the post-Vedic texts – in which Mitra practically disappears〔.〕 – Mitra evolved into the patron divinity of friendship, and because he is "friend", abhors all violence, even when sacred.〔.〕
==Onomastics==
The Indo-Iranian common noun
*''mitra'' means "(that which) causes () to bind ()", hence Sanskrit ''mitram'', "covenant, contract, oath",〔.〕 the protection of which is Mitra's role in both the Rigveda and in the Mitanni treaty. In post-Vedic India, the noun ''mitra'' came to be understood as "friend", one of the aspects of bonding and alliance. Accordingly, in post-Vedic India, Mitra became the guardian of friendships.
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